The list of pages on the blog that are related to this theme can be found, in Calendar order, by clicking here
The list here is by name: and you will not be surprised to find many of the names on the page of the Political Ideologues as well
Note that I am only including here what is relevant about them to this page; other appearances by them on the blog can be found at their listing on the Index, the Merely Mentioned list, or by theme:
All names in this
Index are by birth-certificate, which may not be the name by which you know
them.
At the top left-hand
corner of every screen there is a flat rectangular box with an icon of a
magnifying-glass: your search bar. You may well find it easier to find the
person you are seeking there.
*
St Alban: noted as the first Christian martyr in Aengland, early 4th century; the cathedral’s website here, and if you are surprised that I am including a Christian saint here, rather than automatically sending him across the Styx into the GER page... lots of reasons, for which see P’s London and especially my page in “The Badge & The Cross” on the Jewish involvement in the building of his church in the town named for him. But also the reason for his martyrdom: ask Martin Niemoller! June 24, though his feast-day is actually June 22; and the town named for him gets several mentions – does this count as a response to bullying though: at one level it is self-chosen martyrdom, a wish to die...
Macon Bolling Allen (born August 4 1816; died October 15 1894): the first black lawyer admitted to the bar in the USA, passed his exams on May 3 1845: click here); but I need to add a caveat, because being the first is an important event, but to be counted among the responders to bullying you have to do more than just pass the exams. Did he? Click here, and here, to find out just how much he did indeed.
Mordechai Anielewicz: one of the leaders of the the Warsaw Ghetto uprising (see April 19, though he is not specifically named there), his name was taken by one of the earliest of pre-Israel's kibbutzim, south of Tel Aviv but north of Gaza, and became inspirational when the kibbutz stood up alone to an invading army out of Egypt in 1948 (see May 8): symbolism, like Esther and Joan of Arc, and indeed Frank Foley and so many others on these lists: statues of the mind; my song, retelling the story of that extraordinary heroism, can be found here
José Doroteo Arango Arámbula (Francisco
“Pancho” Villa was his “alias”): the Mexican version of the Peasants Revolt on June 5
Joan of Arc (Jehanne Darc, Jehanne d'Arc, Jehanne Tarc, Jehanne Romée, or even possibly Jehanne de Vouthon): taking on the liberation of her country when the men had let it down: broke the siege of Orléans on May 7 1429; but sadly captured on May 23, sold out and murdered on May 30, canonised on May 16; sung by Christine de Pizan on Jan 13; mentioned on April 17
Johanna (Hannah for short) Cohn Arendt: referenced, quoted or simply mentioned on Jan 11, March 30, Aug 16, Aug 20, Sept 6; born Oct 14 (linked at Oct 10); on this page principally for her account of the Eichmann trial in 1961; she is also listed among the Philosophers
François-Marie Arouet (Voltaire): if you are not born into, or dragged into slavery; if you come from the educated middle class in a time of no war, and under a leadership that would leave you in comfort if you took up commerce or banking or joined the civil service, what is there to rebel or protest about? Yet Voltaire endured time in the Bastille, and two extended periods of exile, because, quite candidly, he could not accept the realities of the world for other people; his death is on May 30; he is also listed among the Philosophers
Yaa
Asantewaa: the Queen Mother and regent of Ejisu, a province in the
Asante confederacy, who led a war of resistance against British imperial power
in 1900 [Africa and purple
cloaks]
Julian Assange: being very annoying by doing what journalists are supposed to do, on Aug 12, with a mention on Feb 23; you will find the Wikileaks website here; the website for his defense here, and the campaign for his defense here; regular updates on his well-being from his wife Stella here. Plans for a statue in his honour are still on hold
Hubertine Auclert: “the first French feminist” can be found on April 10
Josephine Baker:
in the musical "La Revue Nègre" in Paris in 1925 on the Africa page; but her real significance is not among the musical maestros, where you would expect to find her, but here,
among the responders
to bullying, for her speech at the 1963 March on Washington especially; click here to read it, here for a video about it; here for a full bio
John Ball: a radical priest who took part in the Peasant’s Revolt on June 15
Professor Bartolome de Albornoz of the University of Mexico: writing against the enslavement and sale of Africans on the Africa and pre-Columban Americas pages
Bishop
Bartolomé de Las Casas (born November 11 1484; died July 18 1566):
mentioned on the Africa page for his
attempts to stop slavery in Hispaniola; the full tale here
Simone Lucie Ernestine Marie Bertrand de
Beauvoir: lots of references on the blog, and appearances on the pages of the philosophers and Woman-Blindness, but here for her greatest work, "The Second Sex", published in 1949
William
M Beecher: military correspondent of the
New York Times, whistleblowing the bombing of Cambodia on May 9 1969 - and he didn't get arrested
for writing it!
Victoire Léodile Béra, then Champseix, then Malon, but remembered as André Léo: fighting for
the rights of women on June
17 [Woman-Blindness and pseudonyms]
Bantu Steve Biko: mentioned on May 9, May 16, June 28 and July 10; murdered on Sept 12; not on the June 16 page, though it is highly unlikely the 1976 Soweto uprising would or could have taken place without the impact of his Black Consciousness movement. Donald Woods’ book about him here, and “Cry Freedom”, the movie that was made from it, here; the Foundation in his name here; the hospital in his name here; the housing association in his name here
Eric
Arthur Blair (George Orwell): pseudonymed
on Feb
8; born June 25: I think the author of “Animal Farm” and “1984”
unquestionably merits a place on this page
Heinrich
Theodor Böll nothing on the blog as yet except his birthdate, Dec 21; but see my listing for Günter Grass, below
Dietrich Bonhoeffer: (born February 4 1906; died April 9 1945): with Hans von Dohnányi on July 27; bio here; at least three Blue Plaques in London: Goulston Street by the Aldgate here; his home in Lewisham here; the third in Sydenham, here, plus a chapel, in Dacres Road, here and here, and its own website here; his official website here; the international society in his name here; the Bonhoeffer Initiative here; Project Bonhoeffer here, and the Bonhoeffer Project here (they are not the same); his full story in audio form here and his memorial here [reverend writers]
Eugen Berthold Friedrich Brecht: born Feb 10 1898; "St Joan of the Stockyards" on May 30; mentioned on May 16 and July 3; “Mother Courage” especially [the world as stage]
Toussaint
Bréda, aka Toussaint
L'Overture (born May 20 1743; died April 7 1803):
starting the Haitian
Revolution in 1791 by leading
slaves in Saint-Domingue against French rule [Africa page]; and see Jean-Jacques Dessalines below
Jacques Romain Georges Brel: in the hall of fame among the inaccessible stars on June 20 [the world as stage and musical maestros], but his listing on this page has to be while he was still alive and protesting in the proper sense of that word: to affirm, so go to Nov 22 for "The Man from La Mancha" in its original New York version
Lev ben David Bronstein (Leon Trotsky): expelled on Jan 31; with Victor Serge on Feb 21; murdered on Aug 20: quoted on Sept 1; mentioned on June 15, Aug 26, Sept 13 and Oct 15 [political ideologues]; but those entries mostly present an account of the bullying he received from his own side, precisely because the ideas that he had expressed in his writings, and his achivement as the founding commander-in-chief of the Red Army, were likely to lead to a New Russia that folk like Stalin were not also working for
John Brown: hanged on Dec 2 1859 as the perpetrator of The Pottawatomie Massacre, which took place on May 24th and 25th 1856, in Kansas; the raid on Harper's Ferry in West Virginia which led to his capture can be found on Oct 16 1859. The anti-John Brown version here; the trying-not-to-be here. But it raises yet again the Macbeth question: “if the assassination could trammel up the consequences...”: the trouble with rising up in defense of your liberty, or in order to obtain it, is that you have to take away the liberty of others, even by taking away their lives. The Pottawatomie Massacre, the Russian Revolution, the Warsaw uprising, the 2024 Gaza war... the central paradox of my novel “The Flaming Sword”: “the paintbrush or the gun?”
John Brown is not necessarily mentioned on any of these pages, but is associated at the most basic level with all of them: Jan 31 1865: abolition of slavery (US); Aug 1, March 1, June 23 (slavery also a theme on Feb 9; Frederick Douglass on the 14th of the same month and also Aug 11; William Wilberforce (fictitiously) on Jan 8 and actually on Aug 24. Also a link back to Jan 31 on March 6 for “affirmative action”
Albert Camus born Jan 4 1960; died Nov 7 1913): see my two essays in “Zero Positive”, and I am including him here because he edited “Combat”, the underground newspaper of the French Resistance movement (and read the opening paragraph at this link, which sums up this "Responses to Bullying" page to perfection); "il faut imaginer qu’il est devenu heureux" on Jan 4; "La Peste" on March 15, April 15 and May 30; "L'Homme Revolté" on March 30; born Nov 7; referenced Feb 21; mentioned on May 8 and Aug 20 ; the Albert Camus Society here [among the serious scribes]
Louise-Léonie Camusat (Léonie Rouzade was her nom-de-plume-et-de-guerre): her world turned completely upside down on Oct 25
Elias Jacques Canetti: born July 25, and best known for "Crowds and
Power", his analysis of why we need blog-pages like this one; though perhaps that's for the Ideologues page rather more than here [serious scribes]
Roger David Casement: and like it or not, he does need to be on this list,
because one man's terrorist is
another man's freedom fighter; Sept 1 has Mario Vargas Llosa making the case for his being the latter; he is also on April
24 for his capture; he died on August 3 1916, hanged at Pentonville Prison for what was regarded by the British as high treason [Éireland]
Cassius Marcellus Clay (“Cash”), abolitionist, born Oct 19 1810; died July 22 1903): mentioned on Jan 17; his website here; the newspaper that he founded, “The True American”, here; visit his home here
Cassius Marcellus Clay Junior (Cassius X, Muhammad Ali ): born Jan 17; first pro fight Oct 29; his conviction for refusing to join the army overturned on June 28 1971: there are many ways of fighting back, of which no one in history used their feet or their fists better than he did, but that brain wasn’t exactly in the welterweight division either; the Centre that bears his name here; his Index here; his Digital Museum here
Leonard Norman Cohen: And if Mark Twain is a definite, how can LC not be, still fighting "The Old Revolution" on the side of "Le Partisan", all the way from Manhattan to Berlin? Vive Jeanne d'Arc ([The Poets and musical maestros, and see the Index for his many listings, but especially listen to his song for Sept 11, here]
Otto (Oddone) Colonna (Pope Martin V): denounced anti-Jewish preaching and forbad the forced baptism of pre-B’nei Mitzvah age Jewish children on July 14; his page on the Vatican website here [purple cloaks]
Claudette Austin (Colvin): born September 5 1939, and still very much alive in 2026 as I write this; placed in juvenile detention for sitting on a bus on Dec 1; the Rosa Parks view here, her bio here, and what actually happened that day here
Józef Teodor Konrad Korzeniowski (Joseph Conrad in English): several listings, starting on Dec 3 with his birth; and what can one say to sum up his life and writings but "The Horror! The Horror!"
Marie-Anne Charlotte de Corday d'Armont (plain Charlotte Corday in the history books): doing
what needs to be done to tyrants on July 13; the price she paid, and willingly
on July 5 [pseudonyms]
Prudence Crandall, teaching P.L Dunbar on Feb 9; died on Jan 28 1890; also among the educators; for why she is listed here, buy my novel “A Journey In Time”; or click here for the museum in her honour, here for the Care Centre in her name, here for the school and museum in her name
Marie-Catherine Desjardins, Madame de Villedieu (circa 1640-1683): not the earliest, but definitely one of the very earliest feminists whose impact was widely felt, on Oct 20 [a serious scribe, and on the Ancien Régime page of Woman-Blindness as well as among the pseudonyms]
Jean-Jacques Dessalines, the successor to Toussaint
L'Ouverture, declaring Saint Dominque independent and renameing it
Haiti on January 1 1804 [Africa page]
Mao Ze-Dong (Mao Tse-Tung): “The Three Worlds” on April 18; part of the GER debate on Sept 1; died Sept 9; founded the People’s Republic on Oct 19; born Dec 26 [political ideologues] and see my note under June 16 on the calendar version of this
Fyodor Mikhailovich
Dostoievski: are people in the west even aware that
he was sent to the Gulag for his writings, and only escaped the firing squad by
seconds (but that is on Dec 22)
Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey Douglass (born Feb 14 - the date is uncertain, but not the year, which was 1818; died February 20 1895); praised by P.L. Dunbar on Feb 9; made his first public speech on Aug 11; his official website here; a UK version here; the national historic site here; remembered by his home-town here; his work continued by his family here; the newspapers that he founded here; and the same list that ends my John Brown note, above, pertains here as well
Alfred Dreyfus: accused on July 12 and 14; Zola does the accusing on Oct 18; his case referenced on Feb 3; himself mentioned on Jan 5 and Aug 23; but does the man himself belong on this page? The question we have to ask is: was he an example of passive complicity, even, given the limitedness of his self-defense, of victimhood collaboration; or was the situation in France such that there really was no means of fighting back? Given what happened to Zola for trying to do so...
P.L. (Paul Laurence) Dunbar died Feb 9; the full life and works here [The Poets]
Eugénie Tell Éboué (I am using her heteronym, as she insisted - see the Pseudonyms page) became the
first woman of African descent to be elected to the French National Assembly in
Paris, Oct 21 1945
Friedrich Engels: "The Communist Manifesto" published on Feb 26 1848; born Nov 28; mentioned on April 5 and Nov 6 [political ideologues]
Medgar Wiley Evers, civil rights leader, assassinated by a bullet from the back of a bush on June 12 1963, the Pawn in one of Bob Dylan’s greatest protest songs (listen to it here); the website of the college named for him has his bio here; on the page for two reasons: first because he was himself a civil rights leader (click here for more on that); second because this was the era of serious protest songs: and therefore the same applies to the Dylan on Aug 28, though I am not including the event that prompted it. Given that his murder led to President Kennedy calling for serious Civil Rights legislation, and getting it, Evers can also be regarded among the martyrs
Sinibaldo
Fieschi (Pope Innocent IV), 1195-1254: his words on July 14 should be inscribed on a plaque, and mounted very
prominently in every church in Christendom
Sayf al-Dīn Firūz Shāh: 1486: led a rebellion of African slaves in
Bengal, then ruled as
sultan for three years [Africa page
Gustave Flaubert: it is the June 29 entry that gets him listed here; 1870 the year, and the writer who had rejected the ghastliness of city-life for the idyllic pastoral comfort of mum's home in Normandie could perfectly well have stuck to writing love stories and thrillers to make a living, but cared enough to write books like “Madame Bovary”, and to write letters to influential friends in Paris like the ones cited here
Francis Edward (Frank) Foley: much honoured on May 7; one of those rare people who get off their passive backsides and do something, whatever it is that they can, about an intolerable situation; his page at Yad Vashem here; the full tale here; Michael Smith’s book here, and his presentation here; his bronze plaque at the Imperial War Museum here
Herbert Ernst Karl Frahm (Willy Brandt): born Dec 18; led the German apology for the Holocaust, and did more than anyone could ever have expected to pursue redemption through reparation... the Willy-Brandt-Haus Lübeck website here; his official website here; the school of public policy that bears his name here [pseudonyms]
Gabriel (no other name is known, and quite probably, being a slave, he didn’t have one): led a slave rebellion in Virginia on Aug 30; the full tale is told here
Mohandas Karamchand (“Mahatma”) Gandhi: (born Oct 2 1869; assassinated Jan 30 1948); did a Rosa Parks, or was it a Claudette Colvin, on June 7 1893; referenced on May 2 and mentioned on Dec 4; for just how significant he really wasn’t to the end of British rule in India, see my essay in “Travels In Familiar Lands”; his official website here, or is it this one, or this one? Or possibly this one, or this one, or this one? They all claim to be.
Yevgeny Aleksandrovich
Gangnus - I presume that his nom de plume, Yevtushenko, is in some way a play on his given name, Yevgeny: making Samizdat on July 18 [The Poets] [pseudonyms]
Millicent Garrett, married name Millicent Garrett Fawcett, but not hyphenated: with Mary Godwin on April 27, though she really belongs on the 23rd [Woman-Blindness] [pseudonyms]
Marcus Mosiah Garvey, black nationalist leader (born Aug 17 1887; died June 10 1940): his Museum here; his Institute here; his general Foundation here; his specifically schools Foundation here
Charles André Joseph Pierre Marie de Gaulle: he is on the blog as "elected PM on June 1 1958", but that is not really the right date to place him for this list: which is about his leadership of the Free France movement, for which see Jean Pierre Moulin on Jan 26 for the Alliance Francaise building in Dorset Square (its website here); the view from the Elysée Palace here; his Foundation here
Robert Frederick Zenon (Bob) Geldof: born Oct 5, and hopefully that wasn't a Monday; Live Aid (July 13) was definitely over the weekend (and I need to add Midge Ure as his key partner in that achievement] [musical maestros]
Stephen Demetri Georgiou: July 21 has Cat Stevens building playgrounds for children; sadly, as he has grown older and more ideologically committed, Yusuf Islam has ended up miles from nowhere, supporting, even advocating for those who behead them, and is now on the GER page
Benjamin
David (Benny) Goodman (born May 30 1909, died June 13, 1986): walked out of Carnegie Hall on Jan 16 1938 because black musicians were not allowed to perform there and his band included several (apparently they didn’t mind Jews); his official fan-club here [musical maestros]
Marie Gouze: on Nov 3 under her nom de protest, Marie-Olympe
de Gouges, proclaiming the Rights
of Woman, and guillotined for daring to do so
Günter Wilhelm Grass: quoted on March 15; born Oct 16 1927; a particularly interesting case, and worth comparing with that of Heinrich Böll, who was conscripted into the Wehrmacht, wounded four times, contracted typhus at the front, but also acquired a reputation for avoiding active service whenever possible, and rejecting any attempt to promote him; he was captured by the Americans in April 1945 and spent the rest of his life writing anti-war literature and finding ways to support those affected by the Nazi era; his website here. The other German writer who spent much of his life dealing with the guilt of being one was Max Sebald, but he was only born in 1944, so his was the inherited guilt of being a post-war, post-Holocaust German. Grass, like Böll, was dealing with personal guilt, acquired through personal experience, but where Böll's was passive complicity, Grass chose to join the Hitler Youth when he was fifteen; the account of his journey from there to his Nobel Prize-winning "Die Blechtrommel" ("The Tin Drum") is really quite remarkable [serious scribes]
Germaine Greer: born Jan 29; mentioned on Jan 9
and July 11 [this requires the feminine singular form,
which I believe is poētika, though in fact she
is on the page of the philosophae]
Sophie
de Grouchy (“Citoyenne Condorcet”): bringing the two ends of the
French Revolution together on May 5 [philosophers
and
Woman-Blindness/Napoleonic Age]
Herschel Feibel Grynspan (that’s הערשל פײַבל גרינשפּאן in Yiddish): triggering Kristallnacht on March 19 1944; the piece is on the blog because Michael Tippett retold his story in his opera "A Child Of Our Time", which was given its first performance on this date; Grynspan’s tale is told here; Kristallnacht itself is on Nov 9, and Tippett deserves some credit, I suppose, for writing the opera, and in 1941 at that - except that he did it as part of his campaign for pacifism, and I am sorry, but pacifism in the era of the Nazis, while the Blitz is happening!
Fanny
Louise Suzanne Guichard (Suzanne Pérouse): appointed President of "L'Union des Femmes de France" on April 6; not the first President - see Emma Koechlin-Schwartz, below - but the one whose work led to the creation of the French Red Cross
Elizabeth Gurney (Fry): "The Angel of
Prisons" on May 21 [political ideologues] [pseudonyms]
Vincente Guerrero, of mixed African and Indian ancestry despite the
name, became the second President of Mexico in 1829 and almost immediately abolished
slavery in that country [Africa and pre-Columban Americas]
Ernesto
Rafael Guevara de la Serna (“Che”): probably the most famous revolutionary of modern times; killed on Oct 9; mentioned on June 15 [political ideologues and pre-Columban Americas] [pseudonyms]
and should we be counting Woodrow Wilson ("Woody")
Guthrie among the protest singers? I think we should: born July 14; died Oct
3; mentioned on March 15 and
May 24 [musical maestros]
Hadassah bat Avi-Chayil (but Ester bat Avi-Chayil אֶסְתֵּ֣ר בַּת־אֲבִיחַ֣יִל according to chapter 2 verse 15 of her book: click here). Queen Esther on March 12 - but see my note to that date on the Calendar list, because this is really a piece of fiction; good fiction though: a woman using her influence with the ruler to get a bully fired and her people rescued
George Harold Harrison: mentioned for Bangladesh on July 13; raising
actual money for it on Aug 1
Katharine Teresa Harwood (Gün): all charges dropped on Feb 23 2004; and see my note to that date on the Calendar list; the full tale in podcast here; at Wikileaks here; she is currently alive and well and living in her husband’s home country, Turkey. For the movie “Official Secrets” click here; her and Observer journalist Martin Bright - the recipient of her leak - interviewed here, but it's pretty banal PR for the movie mostly
Václav Havel(born October 5 1936; died December 18 2011) comes up several times on the blog, and can be found on the world as stage as well; Dec 29 is the reason for his presence on this page: Nov 17 1989, the velvet revolution, the end of Communism, and him the first President of the free and independent Czechoslovakia, leading the liberation of his country from the conqueror-oppressor; later, when the country became divided into Slovakia and the Czech Republic, re-establishing traditional borders so that each of the native-nations could enjoy its full liberty, he would be the latter’s first President as well. His library here; the Institute that bears his name here; the European Human Rights prize in his name here; obituary in The Guardian here
Charlie Hebdo: Jan 14; also a mention on Jan 8, and I would happily make a cartoon for an illustration, but just click here and take your pick
Benjamin Ze’ev (Theodor) Herzl: The opening of the First Zionist Congress, in Basle, on Aug 29 1897
Victor-Marie Hugo born Feb 26 1802; Jean Valjean on April 2; his “Les Miserables” letter is on Oct 18, and really it is that letter that gains him automatic entry to this list, though the book… today it's just one-more-musical, an evening out with the kids, an opportunity to include the singers in the school play; then it was banned and Hugo exiled by the bullies for daring to write it; he is also mentioned on Aug 10 and listed among the serious scribes
Aldous Leonard Huxley born on July 26 (also on March 2), but it’s “Brave New World” that gets him the listing, yet one more invaluable category for the human responses: those who give advance warning about the evils that will come in the future unless something is done about them now; read it here. I am interested to note that he paid for the book to be published; was that because the mainstream publishers turned it down? I wonder why! Intended as a parody of H.G. Wells’ rather optimistic sci-fi, sadly it was Huxley who got it right (I used my AI to check that, but spent so much time disabling all the Cookies that I never reached an answer; welcome to the Brave New World). A list of its many bannings here [serious scribes]
Greville Ewan Janner (born 11 July 1928, died 19 December 2015): former MP for Leicester West; honouring a truly righteous Gentile on May 7; on this page for his post-Holocaust leadership in Britain: he was president of the National Council for Soviet Jewry (1979–85) during the era of the “Refuseniks”, led the Commonwealth Jewish Council, and in 1988 co-founded the Holocaust Educational Trust with Merlyn Rees, successfully persuading the British government to add teaching about the Holocaust to the National Curriculum; his Parliamentary career here
Lyndon Baines Johnson: March 6 has my “Human Lives Matter” poster to accompany the original "Affirmative Action" by JFK in 1961, + LBJ’s follow up in 1965; given that he was the man who took America into the Vietnam War, and all the disgusting things it it did there, and even worse in Kampuchea, he really belongs on the GER page, but he did affirm affirmative action, and so he merits a place here
Lev Borisovich Kamenev (born Rozenfeld, in Moscow on July 18 1883; died on August 24 1936, and still in Moscow, not Siberia): 1st head of state when it was still the SFSR and not yet the USSR; purged on Aug 20: Kamenev was removed from his positions in 1926 and expelled from the party in 1927, before submitting to Stalin's increasing power and rejoining the party the next year. He and Zinoviev were again expelled from the party in 1932, as a result of the Ryutin affair, for which click here, but were re-re-admitted in 1933. So a perfect illustration of a) active complicity, the boy who joins the gang, gains all the benefits of sycophancy, but has to carry the can for the gang-leader when trouble needs a scapegoat [funnily enough I wrote a play about a fictional whistleblower named Michael Cohen several decades ago (click here); his name then came up in real life as another perfect exemplar of a) active complicity: read his story here]
John F Kennedy (born May 29 1917; assassinated November 22 1963): Affirmative Action on March 6; his response to the murder of Medgar Evans on June 12; his Library here
Aleksandr Fyodorovich Kerensky: led the Revolution on May 24 (? 🤷🏽♀️- wasn’t it February? oh, that calendar change again!); his deposition plotted on June 16; proclaimed Russia a Republic on Sept 15; overthrown on Nov 6 (also April 22); mentioned on Aug 26 [historians]: he is not actually on June 15 but probably should be (I wonder where he was, and what doing, on that precise day); see my piece in “The Captive Bride"
Victor Lvovich Kibalchich (Victor Serge, В.Л. Кибальчич): with Trotsky in Mexico on Aug 20; referenced on Jan 15 and Nov 22; see also Sept 1 [political ideologues]
Martin Luther King: born Jan 15, assassinated on April 4 (mentioned on June 28), museumed on Aug 1; civil rights rally in DC on Aug 28; mentioned on Aug 17; his website here; the King Center here; the Institute here; his Nobel Prize here
Emma Koechlin-Schwartz: founding President of "L'Union des Femmes de France" on April 6
April 12: [not yet written, but I will be adding a piece on Ferdinand Lassalle: today was his Berlin speech that became known as "The Workers’ Programme", and he will also appear on Oct 22 for the founding of the Socialist Party [plus a link to my poem about him, “A Letter”, in "Welcome To My World", and he will also be added to the page of the political ideologues]
"Reine Audu", born Louise-Renée Leduc (date of birth unknown, date of death sometime in 1793): leading The Women's March on Versailles on Oct 5; mentions on March 18 and Aug 10 [pseudonyms]
Nelle Harper Lee: born April 28, but listed here for "To Kill A Mockingbird", her tale of Atticus Finch, white man defending black man against the legitimate courts let alone the wannabe lynch mobs; available
for banning on Dec 6 [serious
scribes and pseudonyms]
Thomas Andrew (Tom) Lehrer: born April 9 1928, and still alive as I write
this in 2025: response through
satire, but which song to choose for a link? Given that this is about Responses to Bullying
and Coercion, “Send The Marines” and “I wanna go back to Dixie” are the most
obvious, but there is also the predictable future in "We Shall All Go
Together"; and what about “National Brotherhood Week”… oh what the hell,
all of the songs here
[musical maestros]
John Winston Lennon: born Oct 9; imagining a world without people like Mark David Chapman; find Dr. Winston O'Boogie on Nov 9 and Oct 22
[musical
maestros] and that other name among the Pseudonyms
John Lewis (1713-1792)
of Richmond; Beating
the Bounders as well as the Bounds on May 16; commemorated locally here and here; the other minor players in the drama can be
found on the Merely Mentioned page; Lewis' portrait by T. Stewart,
a pupil of Sir Joshua Reynolds, can be seen here, and in an
engraved form by R. Field here; but as to
bio, virtually none at all; and no, this is not the John Lewis of the
department stores
Bernard Lichtenberg (born December 3 1875; died in Dachau on November 5 1943): the Provost of Berlin's St. Hedwig Cathedral, he was foolish enough to declare publicly that he would include Jews in his daily prayers. In 1941! In Berlin ! Predict the outcome and then go to July 14 (and then be surprised, first, by the lateness of his deathdate, and second, given the available materials and locations, the failure to Guy Faux him on that date. Listed among the Righteous Gentiles by Yad Va Shem on 7 July 2004 (click here), having already been blessed by his fellow Pole Pope John Paul II on June 23 1996 (click here; the site also has the square that bears his name in Berlin)
Abraham Lincoln issued the "Emancipation Proclamation" on Sept 22 1862 (read it here); also on Nov 19 for the 1863 "Gettysburg Address" (read it here) [listed among
the political
ideologues]
Malcolm Little (Malcolm X, el-Hajj Malik el-Shabazz): born on May 19; destroyed by J. Edgar Hoover on Aug 17; suspended by Black Muslim leader Elijah Muhammad on Dec 4; his
official website here; his Memorial Foundation here; fanclubs here and here
Ned Ludd: on strike on Dec 20
Goldie Mabovitch (Goldie Myerson, Golda Meir): born
May 3; Yom Kippur war on Nov 3 [political
ideologues] [pseudonyms] -
Rosa Louise McCauley (Parks) born Feb 4 1913, but that entry is just an ad for her repeated mentions; she stays seated on Dec 1 1955, and her story plays a prominent role on Feb 6; role-modelling on May 16 (John Lewis), June 7 (Gandhi), July 12 and Aug 23 (died October
24 2005)
Cywka Małchin (Peter Zvi Malkin) (born May
27 1927; died March 1 2005): kidnapped Ricardo Klement on May 11 1960; Klement being
the Argentine alias of Adolf Eichmann. The view
from Raoul Wallenberg’s Foundation here, including
Malkin’s
painting of Eichmann (Malkin
the artist here and here); a more
directly Jewish view here
Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (Prisoner 46664): freed after
twenty-eight years on Robben
Island at
4:14 local time on Feb 11 1990 (see also Oct 10); “Invictus” on June 24; arrested on Aug 4; role-modelling on June 16,
June 28 and Aug 23; his Foundation here; the South African government
view here; the
university that bears his name here; his
museum here; his
Children’s Fund here; his
primary school here, and
apologies if I have missed a few but this is a man much honoured in his
homeland, and almost as much abroad [Africa]
Bradley (not yet renamed
Chelsea) Manning, but still the precise opposite of
treason on Jan 3; his
support group here; the
campaign to free him here; the
full tale here; where
is Chelsea Manning today
(besides being a she, no longer a he)? Freed, rearrested, re-freed here
Abdallah
Mapanda: the leader of the Maji-Maji
Uprising in German East Africa (Tanganyika), captured by German forces in
1907 [Africa]
Bob Marley (born April 6
1945; his death in 1981 is on May 11): massive impact on Black self-belief and self-esteem: “Redemption
Song”, “these songs of Freedom”: inspiring others to turn back the dog-collar; his
wesbite here; his
Foundation here; his
Museum here [musical maestros]
Karl Marx (born May 5 1818; died
March 14
1883): "The Communist Manifesto" published on Feb 26 1848 [political
ideologues]
It has also been suggested by several readers that
I should include Herman Melville's "Bartleby" on this list, but
I am sorry, in protest against the negativity without a Zero Positive of that
story, I prefer not to
Arthur Miller born Oct 17 1915: “The Crucible” obviously; the MacCarthy trials are on Oct 20; but don't forget "After The Fall" [the world as
stage]
David J. Miller:
the first to burn his Vietnam draft card, on Oct 15 1965:
what happened to him and his supporters is here; his
account of it here; and in
fact he wasn’t the first person to burn his draft-card, just the one who
happened to get arrested and publicised: click here
Thomas More: imprisoned on April 17 and Oct 25; beheaded on July 6; mentioned on Jan 3 and May 4 [reverend writers]; in the film "A Man For All Seasons" screenplay writer Robert Bolt makes much of More's silence in court, refusing to participate even by acknowledging his name: the only form of protest. of resistance, remaining to him
Jean Pierre
Moulin: founding the Unified Movements of the
Resistance on Jan
26 [and also among the Illustrious Illustrators]
Egbert (Ed) Roscoe Murrow: "This is Egbert" on April 25, but the key date is March 9 1954, the one on which he said "Good night and bad luck" to Senator Mccarthy
Archbishops
Moussaron of Albi and Saliège of Toulouse, alongside Bishops Théas of Montauban, Delay of Marseilles, and Vanstenbergher
of Bayonne, as well as Cardinal Gerlier of Lyon, have messages read out in their churches, in
August and September 1942, protesting the deportation of Jews from France: see July 14. I have placed this here, despite the fact that Archbishops come lower
in the hierarchy than Cardinals, because he is Albi, the home of the
Albigensian Crusade, the annihilation of those gnostic purists the Cathars, and what a shame there
wasn’t a bishop or an archbishop let alone a Cardinal to defend them when they
were treated by the church rather like Jews under the Nazis (see Oct 13 for more on this)
Thomas Nast (born
Sept 27 1840, in Germany; died December 7 1902 in
Ecuador):
the absolute necessity of satire (I wonder how he would have tweeded Boss
Trump?); his website
here [illustrious illustrators]
Major General Iona Timofeevich Nikitchenko: chairing the Nuremberg trials on Oct 18, in partnership with Lieutenant Colonel Alexander Fedorovich Volchkov for the Russian side
Christiane Desroches Noblecourt, standing
up to those dam bullies on Oct 21
Father Manuel de Nóbrega (born October 18
1517; died October 18 1570): no sooner had he arrived in Bahia from Lisbon than he was protesting
the enslavement of Africans; bio here [Africa and pre-Columban
Americas]
Malcolm Ivan Meredith Nurse (George Padmore): born June 28 1903, mentioned on Aug 17 [political ideologues]
Philip David Ochs: "just a journalist" on March 15: but those were serious (if not terribly good) protest songs: "I Ain't Marching Anymore", "Draft Dodger Rag"... listen to some of them here [musical
maestros]
Rabbi Ephraim Oshry: “The Annihilation of Lithuanian Jewry” on Oct 28: simply to write the history of a destroyed people ensures that they have not been completely destroyed, because they cannot now be forgotten, will not be forgotten, may even be revived at some future time; see my piece on this in “The Captive Bride” [reverend writers]
Thomas Pain (he
added the "e"): born Jan 29 1737; his role
in the American War of Independence is on the same date, and slightly satirised on May 9; another of Joseph Johnson's circle of radical thinkers on
April 27 [political ideologues]
Mangal Pandey: hanged for leading the insurrection on April 8 1857; it failed, but it triggered the process that would eventually kick the Brits out of India; bio here
Emmeline Goulden (Pankhurst): born July 14; with Millicent
Fawcett on April 27 ; her museum-website here [Woman-Blindness] [pseudonyms]
Boris Pasternak born Feb 10; and what
else is "Dr Zhivago" but an act of political protest against the Robespierrisation of the Kerensky Revolution? ? which is why he
got the treatment he did when he was awarded the Nobel; that story is on Oct 23, and he gets mentions
on July 18, Aug 12 and Aug
20;
1958 was the year of his Nobel Prize [serious scribes]
Alan Stewart Paton: crying for his beloved country on April
12 [serious scribes and a mention on
the Africa page]
José Julián Martí Pérez: born Jan 28; killed May 19; bio and portrait here; his continuing importance here [political ideologues and The Cuban List] [pseudonyms]
May 9:
Marie-Jeanne Phlipon, aka Marie-Jeanne "Manon" Roland de la Platière, or simply Manon Roland: (born March 17 1754; guillotined Nov 8 1793, and you can tell be the date what she must have done wrong) [Woman-Blindness] [pseudonyms]
Marie-Georges
(Colonel) Picquart (born September 6 1854; died January 19 1914): the one decent Frenchman at the time of the
Dreyfus affair, and destroyed for being so; Prime
Minister Jean Jaurès, Minister
of War General André, a junior named Captain Targe, and the head of the second enquiry Ludovic
Trarieux, were the four who salvaged
both Picquart and Dreyfus’ reputations; the other mentioneds on July 12 are Major Esterhazy and Louis Grégori, and you can tell by the colour I have used for their names
that I do not have anything positive to say about either of them
Boruch Praszkier: collaborating in his own victimhood on Feb 6; the family story as told by Mayer Hersh on Feb 12, by my father on Sept 23; by me in "Tall Tales & Short Stories" (buy your copy here)
Jacub Praszkier: leading the resistance on Feb 6 and April 19, alongside his wife Rosa Mastbaum: all the heroes are named on the April 19 page, but need to be honoured here as well: the command group was Zachariasz Artsztejn, Ber Braudo, Aron "Pawel" Bryskin, Josef Farber, Lewi Gruzalc, Dawid Hochberg, Lejb Rotblat and Uenryk Zylberberg. At the brush factory, which meant along Swietojerska and Walowa streets, as well as the upper section of Franciszkaiiska Street, the side with the odd-numbered houses, the combat groups were commanded by Hersz Berlinski, Jerzy "Jeleh" Blones, Jerzy Grynszpan, Chanoch Gutman and Jacub Praszkier, all these under the general command of Marek Edelman, the only one of the entire group to survive beyond the end of the war
Gavrilo Princip: caused the First World War single-handed on June 28 1914 by assassinating Archduke Ferdinand; very brief
bio here; much fuller here
Deng Pufang: thrown from a third-story window (or maybe he wrote a suicide note and jumped because he couldn't take any more torture; see the debate about that here) at Peking University by Red Guards, in 1968, crippling him - one of the most senior victims of the Cultural Revolution; and I leave you to find out for yourself what he did in the years that followed, from his wheel-chair, from his seat in the Chinese Parliament: remarkable man (China)
Paul Leroy Robeson: born April 9; a black actor on an
English stage, in 1924; a black activist on a world stage throughout his life [musical maestros and the world
as stage]
Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov (born
May 21 1921; died December 14 1989): dissidence; taking
advantage of your prominence in the world beyond your borders, to speak what no
one else would dare to speak: in his case atom bombs
versus peace prizes: see the
outcome of doing this on Oct 9; referenced on July 10; translated by Anatoly
Shcharansky on Jan 20; his website here; his Foundation
here; the human
rights activist here and here; the
prize in his name here
[E,M&C2]
Arthur Scargill: fighting for the abolition
of serfdom on June 15; and here
Anatoly Borisovich Shcharansky (Natan Sharansky when he finally got his exit visa): born Jan 20 1948: his time as a Refusenik
here; his work
with Andrei Sakharov here; the CIA view of his
treatment by the KGB here (I wonder what the
equivalent would be, the other way around, for Edward Snowden, say, or anyone sent to Guantanamo Bay); his time
as Israel’s Interior Minister here
Peter
(Pete) Seeger (born May 3
1919; died January 27 2014): NYT
obit here, but only subscribers can read
it; The Guardian's obit here; his website here;
his music site here; his archive at Folkways here;
one of that extraordinary Greenwich Village scene that included Dylan, Baez, Ochs… and part of the Newport Folk
Festival that culminated in Woodstock and fed the Bangladesh and Band Aid and
Live Aid gatherings later on; click here
to listen to “If I Had A Hammer”, here
for “Where Have All The Flowers Gone” [musical maestros]
Edward Joseph Snowden: speaking out through the silence on Jan 3; mentioned as a role-model for the protection of
humanity from despots and tyrants on Feb 22 and Aug 12; the view from the National Whistleblower Center here (you can tell it’s an American site by the way they spell “Center”)
Aleksandr Isayevitch
Solzhenitsyn: Nobel Prize on Oct 23; witnessed the Gulag on Dec 28; mentioned on Sept 5 [serious scribes]
Spartacus: epitomising the only valid response to bullying and
coercion on Sept 29 (the full story here); mentioned with Nat Turner and Gandhi
on Oct 2
Aristotle Stagiritis: see the Index for his many mentions on the blog; on this page for his Rosa Parks moment, which came when
he could take no more of the Platonic method, and walked out to start his own
school elsewhere: and yes, the student body included Alexander
of Macedon (see April 5 and Oct 2), but that was
forced on him by his patron; what matters is that it included Ptolemy 1 Soter (see Oct 1), which
led to Alexandria, which led to... modern science... Plato would have put Ptolemy on Ritalin (and see Julius
Caesar on March 29)
Archbishop
Aloys Stepinac of Zagreb (born May 8 1898; died under
house arrest on February 10 1960; beatified by Pope John Paul II on October 3 1998 – click here): defending Jews and
Gypsies on July 14 - well, “defending” may be overstating the
matter: he decried their extermination, which is not by any means the same
thing... and now read here
Harriet Beecher Stowe: not banned, just written
against, on Dec 6; well, bad enough a woman writing books, but a book that protests the ill-treatment of black people and campaigns for the abolition of slavery, she's lucky she didn't get lynched herself; the Centre and the Prize in her name here [serious scribes]
Jack Strawe: absolutely revolting on June 15; his castle in Hampstead here
Jonathan
Swift: see the Index and the reverend writers page for lots of references to both him and Gulliver; "... once kick the world, and the world and you will live together
at a reasonable good understanding." I do like the fact that he shared a birthdate with Mark Twain, albeit different years.
Hannah Szenes: born
July 17 1921; executed Nov 7 1944: this is all about being
prepared to put your life on the line! [she is also listed among the Poets]
Henrietta Szold: and if you have heard of her, you will be wondering what her mega-contributions to medicine did to gain her a place on this page as well. But see my entry for Feb 13: "for twelve years (1933-1945) the director of Youth Aliyah, and as such one of the principal rescuers of Jewish children from the Nazi paedophage; co-founder of Ihud, the only political party in what was then British Palestine to insist on a single-state, bi-national solution... " enough said
Juana Maria Ignazia Teresa de Cabarrús: remembered as Madame Tallien on July
28; the Frank Foley of Revolutionary France [pseudonyms and Nap Age page of Woman-Blindness]
Anne-Josèphe Terwagne, also known as Théroigne de Méricourt: leading the women into revolution on Aug 10; crowned for doing so on Oct 5; beaten up by her fellow revolutionaries on May 15 [pseudonyms]
Flora Tristan: fighting for workers rights and womens
rights on April 7
Nathanial (“Nat”) Turner: played Spartacus on Aug 21 and 23; his story told on his birthdate, Oct 2; executed on Nov 11; mentioned on May 16, referenced on Aug 30 and see my note to Oct 7; his full
confession here
Walter (Wat) Tylere: leading the anti-feudal liberation army on June 15 [see P’s London for him and Jack
Strawe]; the country park named for him here; a 14th century view of
the events here
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (Lenin): born April 22 1870, another of the Bannermen (click here); shared a political dream with Trotsky, and especially Victor Serge, on Aug 20; survived an assassination attempt on Aug 30; given to Castro as a prize on Nov 13 [political ideologues]
Teobaldo Visconti, Pope Gregory X (1271-76): not quite as eloquent or compelling as Sinibaldo
Fieschi’s (Pope Innocent IV) remarks in the same July 14 timeline, but noteworthy for all that
Rodrigo (Ruy) Díaz de Vivar (“El
Cid” should anyway be al-Sid, from the Arabic): the capture of
Valencia is on his deathdate, July 10 (1099); the
Spanish view here
Raoul Gustaf Wallenberg, Swedish architect (born Aug 4 1912, death date unknown); mentioned on July 10; goes with Frank Foley among the extraordinary who have trees in the Garden of the Righteous Gentiles outside Jerusalem (click here for why)
Robert Clifton Weaver (born December 29 1907; died July 17 1997): The first black US cabinet member, sworn in on June 28 1966; but what if he didn't do anything for black people, was just a careerist, an Uncle Tom?... in which case the event is worth recording, but not the man;
Chaim Azriel Weizman inaugurated as Israel’s 1st President on Feb 16 1949: see the Index for more about him, because this isn’t really about him, it’s about the symbolism of the event, “Next Year In Jerusalem”, formally fulfilled after one thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine years; the first President can be found on Sept 17
Eliezer (Elie) Wiesel: lots of mentions on the blog, for his various books, but on this page specifically for "Night", his personal account of the Holocaust, personal trauma-therapy but also witness-testimony, both equally necessary, to the writer and the readers; the full text here; his 1986 Nobel Peace Prize here
William Wilberforce: fictitiously on Jan 8; genuinely born Aug 24 1759; died July 29 1833: June 23 has the aboliton of slavery in England in 1772, and Jan 31 its abolition in the USA in 1865, but neither of these were his achievement, only his inspiration; my essay on what was his achievement will be posted shortly; he also goes with Hannah More on the Woman-Blindness page…
Helen Maria Williams: another who is on the blog for her writings, but needs to be because of how she lived them, staying in Paris to support the Revolution, even accepting time in prison for her convictions...the story is told on June 17
Roger Williams (born circa 1603; died March 1683): banned in Boston, on Oct 13 1635, for the crime of preaching religious tolerance; the family website here
Mary Wollstonecraft (Godwin): born April 27; this is mum, in case you are confused; Mary Shelley was the daughter (see the pseudonyms page); one of the very earliest of the English Blue-Stockings, and a huge influence on those who came afterwards; she is also on the page of the philosophers
Donald James Woods: telling the Steve Biko story on Sept 12, and having to flee his own banning to be able to do so; read the book here
Gaspar Yanga (born May 14 1545 in Guinea Bassau; kidnapped and galley-slaved to Mexico; died 1618), known as the Primer Libertador de America [on the Africa and pre-Columban Americas pages]; bio here
Rabah Shir Zanji (the "Lion of the Zanj"); leading African slaves in rebellion against their Arab owners in 694-95, near Basra in Iraq; the full tale here [and on the Africa page]; the first of sadly not that many slave rebellions over the next few hundred years; I am looking for a date that can be used to mark the point at which the transition began from slavery as a normative human condition to the beginnings of its abolition; clearly it is not this event, but neither is the abolition of slavery that took place in England in 1200, nor the status-changes for slaves that took place in Spain in 1260... indeed, we only see the first real sign of change when Portugal begins the process in 1761, though why, and why the British followed so quickly, is not obvious...
and then the same man, or at least his name used as a source of inspiration, exactly the same locale, just two hundred years of slavery later, 869-83, the Zanj Rebellion, thousands of black slaves taking up arms against their masters in and declaring their independence from the Abbasid Caliphate; they managed to control the region and operate as an independent state for fourteen years until troops from Baghdad finally suppressed them [Africa]
Zeru-Babel: the Chaim Weizman of his epoch, the man who led the first "returnees" to their homeland after the long Babylonian exile, on March 10
Robert Allen Zimmerman (Bob Dylan): from Medgar Evans to Hurricane Carter...it's alright ma I'm only bleeding; born May 24 1941 [musical maestros, illustrious illustrators]
Emile Edouard Charles Antoine Zola, French novelist, born today: April 2 1840: how dare you accuse the French government, the French military, you traitor... and see the Victor Hugo letter on Oct 18 for the same response [serious scribes]
A page of Individuals, but there are some individuals who need to be listed in groups, because of the overlap of their activity:
First, the von Stauffenberg plot (Colonel Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg his full name), July 20 1944 the date remembered in the history books, "the Valkyrie Plot", for which click here, though there were actually five separate attempts, in 1943 and 1944. to assassinate Hitler and establish a government that could bring the war to a speedy end. On the blog because of Hans von Dohnányi, (the Waffen-SS son, not the composer father who is among the musical maestros) whose part is noted on April 1 and July 27. Also mentioned on the latter date, several of them colleagues of Dohnányi in the Abwehr im Oberkommando der Wehrmacht, the Defense of the Armed Forces High Command, are State Secretary Curt Jöel; Minister of Justice Franz Gürtner; Chief of Staff Ludwig Beck; Colonel Hans Oster of the Abwehr; and the head of the Abwehr itself, Admiral Wilhelm Canaris; the military prosecutor who brought their defiance to a brutal end was named Manfred Roeder. Note the absence from this list of Hitler’s most loyal subject, 4th-in-command of the Abwehr, Oskar Schindler; he was kept out of it, and make sure he doesn’t know, because no way would he have been turning against his closest friend since 1924, co-founder of the Nazi party, and number one superhero
Jan 26: the page now has Les Femmes de la Résistance - and some men too, but this is a very specific list, and of seven very remarkable women, all of whom I am listing here by their birthnames, though most of them are not remembered as such:
Lucie Bernard when she was born, Lucie Samuel when she married, but the memorials all honour her by her nom-de-guerre, which was Lucie Aubrac: l'une des Femmes de la Resistance on Jan 26 [pseudonyms]
Marie-Madeleine Bridou when she was born, Marie-Madeleine Méric with her first husband, Marie-Madeleine Fourcade when she left him, Marie Suzanne Imbert on her ID papers,
code name "Hérisson: l'une des Femmes de la Résistance on Jan 26 [pseudonyms]
Charlotte Delbo on her birth-certificate, Charlotte Dudach when she married, camp number 31661 in Auschwitz: l'une des Femmes de la Résistance on Jan 26 [pseudonyms]
Suzanne Lévy, the birthname of Suzanne Buisson, l'une des Femmes de la Résistance on Jan 26 [pseudonyms]
Hélène Victoria Mordkovitch, or Hélène Viannay when she married: l'une des Femmes de la Résistance on Jan 26 [pseudonyms]
Simone Segouin, nom de guerre Nicole Minet: l'une des Femmes
de la Résistance on Jan 26 [pseudonyms]
Simone
Adolphine Weil (born February 3 1909 in Paris;
died August 24 1943 in a tuberculosis sanatorium in Ashford): philosopher and
freedom fighter on Jan 26 and Aug 24
(not to be confused with Simone Veil, another truly remarkable woman, but not of la Résistance; find her on April 15 and Aug 24, but especially on June 30
*
March 18 has the Second Paris Commune of 1871, and three women picked out on the blog-page:
Paule Mink was her nom
de révolution, though it sometimes gets spelled as Minck; Adèle Paulina Mekarska on her birth certificate; bio here
Louise Michel: "The Red Virgin"; and not just a theorist, she fought on the barricades, drove an ambulance, and was arrested for speaking on a public platform to demand change; when the Commune was brought down, she was deported to New Caledonia, which simply delayed the date of her next public speech, made as soon as she was back in France and gave her an opportunity to support another worthy cause... but that's all on the blog-page; her bio here
Élisabeth Dmitrieff, or Elizaveta
Lukinichna Kusheleva, and sometimes with her husband's surbname, Tomanovskaya: Karl Marx's chief delegate at the Commune... but again, read her story on the blog-page; remarkable young woman; her bio here
A full account of the Commune, including names of many other leading protagonistes, here
*
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